Guler H, Zhu H, Ozkan H E, Derksen R C, Yu Y, Krause C R. Comparison of spray deposits and efficacy against powdery mildew of aerial and ground-based spraying equipment in viticulture. Viret O, Siegfried W, Holliger E, Raisigl U.

Spray drift review: The extent to which a formulation can contribute to spray drift reduction. RTDrift: A real time model for estimating spray drift from ground applications. Lebeau F, Verstraete A, Stainier C, Destain M F. Pest Management Science: formerly Pesticide Science, 2010 66(1): 2â€“9. Recent advances in computational fluid dynamics relevant to the modelling of pesticide flow on leaf surfaces.

Richard Glass C, Walters K F A, Gaskell P H, Lee Y C, Thompson H M, Emerson D R, et al. Computers and electronics in agriculture, 2010 74(1): 34â€“38. Current status and future directions of precision aerial application for site-specific crop management in the USA. Lan Y B, Thomson S J, Huang Y B, Hoffmann W C, Zhang H H. Why farmers continue to use pesticides despite environmental, health and sustainability costs. Keywords: aerial application, nozzle, droplet size, atomization performance, drift-reducingĬitation: Chen H B, Fritz K B, Lan Y B, Zhou Z Y, Zheng J F.Â An overview of spray nozzles for plant protection from manned aircrafts: Present research and prospective. Abstract: Aerial application is a critical component of modern agriculture, and it is crucial for aerial application of pesticides to be environmentally protective and efficacious.Â The spray nozzles involved in the application process are a vital component in the precise and safe delivery of applied products.Â This paper reviews and summarizes the state-of-the-art in aviation nozzle technology and the physical processes of nozzle atomization on manned platforms.Â Highlights are two main aerial nozzle types along with their working principle, the factors that influence atomization performance and new technologies for reducing drift and enhancing application efficiency.Â Moving forward, the research mainly focused on the development and evaluation of drift-reducing and variable-rate technologies, enhanced atomization models, the impacts of aerial tank mix adjuvants, and non-conventional application technologies (such as electrostatic or pulse-width modulation systems) are likely to have the most significant impact on the aerial application industry.Â This review provides a summary of the history and advancements in nozzle technologies and encourages further development.

Ag sprayer nozzles